Amid rising tensions with Russia, a Defence Select Committee has warned that a major conflict could lead to the reintroduction of conscription in the UK, last seen during World War 2. While a general mobilisation would affect many, certain groups would likely be exempt, as was the case historically.
During WW2, exemptions were granted to those in key industries such as baking, farming, medicine, coal mining, and engineering. Today, the list would likely be updated to reflect modern critical roles. Age also played a factor; conscription initially applied to men aged 20-21 but was expanded to 18-41. The 1948 National Service Act later required men aged 17-21 to serve 18 months, with a four-year reserve period.
Medical conditions would also provide grounds for exemption. The British Armed Forces currently excludes individuals with hearing or vision problems, neurological conditions, severe skin issues, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular problems, and chronic bone or joint injuries. Conscientious objectors, numbering 16,000 in WW1 and 60,000 in WW2, could also refuse service if approved by a tribunal.
Afghanistan veteran and MP Mike Martin emphasised the need for preparedness, stating: 'If we get involved in a general war with Russia, we’ll be conscripting the population - there’s no question about that.' He added that building up the military decreases the likelihood of war. Former Army officer Tobias Ellwood also called for reintroducing national service to bolster deterrence.
