Copenhagen consistently ranks among the world's healthiest and happiest cities, offering lessons on combating rising obesity and depression through cultural and policy changes. The Danish capital's approach includes promoting cycling, nutritious meals, and community activities, as outlined in its 10-year health plan.
The city's packed bike lanes, even in subzero winter, exemplify its success. A quarter of families own cargo bikes, and the harbour features an icy open-air pool used year-round. Copenhagen joined the WHO Healthy Cities initiative in 1987, which now includes 1,400 cities globally.
Katrine Schjønning, head of public health, says the long-term plan focuses on six simple initiatives, such as making healthy choices attractive and integrating health into daily life. The city also prioritises social connection, with programmes like joint exercise classes for children and older people in Vienna and dementia-friendly cinema in Newcastle.
Urban environments often neglect health, with food deserts and unsafe streets contributing to chronic diseases. Copenhagen shows that mayors can drive change, as seen in Michael Bloomberg's New York efforts to cut emissions and promote healthier eating, despite legal setbacks.
The WHO initiative, celebrating its 30th anniversary, emphasises that healthy cities require fundamental social and cultural shifts, not just infrastructure. Copenhagen's model demonstrates that investing in health can improve education, employment, and overall well-being.
