Muslims around the world have begun observing Ramadan, the holy month of fasting, worship and charity. The ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar is marked by daily fasting from dawn until sunset, with families gathering for meals to break the fast.
This year, Ramadan is expected to start around February 18 or 19, depending on the sighting of the crescent moon. The exact start date can vary between countries and communities due to different declarations by Islamic authorities or methodologies used to determine the beginning of the month.
Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, alongside the profession of faith, prayer, almsgiving and pilgrimage. Muslims view the fast as an act of worship to attain piety and submission to God, with benefits including self-restraint, gratitude and empathy for the poor and hungry.
The daily fast involves abstaining from all food and drink from dawn to sunset, followed by a meal known as 'iftar'. Muslims also increase their attendance at mosques for congregational prayers and dedicate more time to reading the Quran.
Charity is a hallmark of Ramadan, with many providing iftar for those in need through Ramadan boxes, warm meals, or free communal meals. A pre-dawn meal called 'suhoor' is eaten to hydrate and nourish the body before the fast.
Exemptions from fasting apply to those who are ill or travelling, with missed days to be made up later. Coinciding with Ash Wednesday this year, Ramadan highlights a period of reflection and devotion for Muslims globally.
