The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) has issued urgent advice for gardeners to stop using flat bird feeders and bird tables to curb the spread of a deadly disease affecting three common British species. Trichomonosis, caused by the parasite Trichomonas gallinae, is leading to significant declines in greenfinch, chaffinch, and bullfinch populations.
Understanding Trichomonosis
Trichomonosis affects the throat and gullet of birds, making it difficult for them to swallow food. Infected birds often regurgitate contaminated food onto flat surfaces, where healthy birds can ingest it. The RSPB warns that even daily cleaning of feeders may not prevent transmission, as sick birds can deposit contaminated food at any time.
RSPB Recommendations
The charity advises against using any flat-surface feeders, including bird tables, window feeders, and feeders with trays. Research confirms that these surfaces pose the highest risk of disease spread. Instead, the RSPB recommends pausing the feeding of seeds and peanuts between May 1 and October 31. During this period, gardeners can offer small amounts of mealworms, fatballs, or suet, which are less likely to be consumed by finches and thus reduce disease risk.
Seasonal Feeding Guidelines
To further minimize risks, the RSPB suggests moving feeders to new locations weekly, spreading them out to reduce bird density, and cleaning feeders regularly. Water should be provided only if changed daily. While trichomonosis occurs year-round, cold weather kills the parasite, making winter feeding safer. The RSPB emphasizes that feeding birds during winter and the 'hungry gap' in March-April remains beneficial, provided the right foods are offered at the right times.
Protecting Bird Populations
By following these guidelines, gardeners can help protect vulnerable species while still enjoying bird feeding. The RSPB stresses that the benefits of feeding, especially during harsh weather, outweigh the risks when proper precautions are taken.
