Groundbreaking research from the United Kingdom has uncovered a surprising new indicator for type 2 diabetes risk: the shape of your buttocks.
The Science Behind the Gluteus Maximus
A team from the University of Westminster conducted a major analysis, published on Friday 28 November 2025, which found a direct correlation between the form of an individual's gluteus maximus muscle and their likelihood of developing the metabolic condition. The study, led by Bryony Gooch, employed advanced MRI 3D mapping technology on more than 61,000 UK Biobank examinations to reach its conclusions.
The investigation revealed that higher overall fitness levels are associated with a more defined gluteus maximus shape. Conversely, factors like ageing, general frailty, and prolonged sitting were linked to a thinning of this major muscle group.
Sex-Specific Patterns in Muscle Changes
The analysis provided crucial insights into how type 2 diabetes affects men and women differently at a muscular level. Researchers identified distinct sex-specific patterns in the way the condition alters muscle composition.
For men categorised as frail who had diabetes, the study observed a general shrinkage of muscle. In contrast, women with the condition typically exhibited muscle enlargement, which was attributed to fat infiltration within the muscle tissue itself.
Practical Steps for Prevention
Health experts emphasise that these findings highlight the critical importance of maintaining muscle mass for metabolic health. Building and preserving muscle, particularly in the lower body, plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar and reducing the risk of various long-term health issues.
The good news is that you don't need an intensive gym regimen to make a difference. Simple, consistent activities can have a significant impact. Specialists recommend incorporating exercises like squatting and lunging into your routine. Even everyday choices such as taking the stairs instead of the lift can contribute to better glute strength and overall metabolic function, helping to mitigate your diabetes risk.
