Medical professionals are sounding the alarm about multiple myeloma, a rare but aggressive form of blood cancer that often masquerades as common ailments, leading to dangerous delays in diagnosis.
What is Multiple Myeloma?
Multiple myeloma develops in plasma cells within bone marrow, causing them to multiply uncontrollably and produce abnormal proteins that can damage vital organs. While classified as rare, it represents a significant health concern with approximately 6,000 new cases diagnosed annually across the UK.
The Silent Warning Signs
Experts emphasise that recognising these symptoms early could be life-saving:
- Persistent bone pain, particularly in the back, ribs or hips
- Unexplained fatigue and breathlessness
- Frequent infections and weakened immunity
- Kidney problems and changes in urinary function
- Nausea, constipation or loss of appetite
- Confusion, dizziness or mental fogginess
- Unintentional weight loss
Why Diagnosis Often Comes Late
"The challenge with multiple myeloma is that its symptoms are often mistaken for normal ageing or common conditions," explains Dr Sarah Jenkins, a haematology specialist at London's Royal Free Hospital. "Patients might attribute bone pain to arthritis or fatigue to busy lifestyles, allowing the cancer to progress undetected."
The disease primarily affects older adults, with most diagnoses occurring in people over 65. However, cases in younger patients, while rare, do occur, highlighting the importance of awareness across all age groups.
Diagnosis and Treatment Advances
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, urine analysis, and bone marrow biopsies. Recent years have seen significant treatment advancements through the NHS, including targeted therapies, immunomodulatory drugs, and stem cell transplants that have dramatically improved survival rates.
"We're seeing remarkable progress in treatment options," notes Dr Jenkins. "While multiple myeloma remains incurable, many patients now live with it as a manageable chronic condition for years, maintaining good quality of life."
When to Seek Medical Advice
Healthcare professionals urge anyone experiencing persistent symptoms, particularly combination of bone pain with fatigue or kidney issues, to consult their GP promptly. Early referral to specialists can significantly improve treatment outcomes and long-term prognosis.
