Medical experts are urging the public not to ignore two subtle warning signs of a 'silent killer' condition that can manifest on the face. High cholesterol, a condition affecting an estimated two in five people in Britain, often presents no symptoms, earning its ominous nickname.
The Silent Danger in Your Blood
High cholesterol develops when excessive levels of a fatty substance called cholesterol build up in the blood. While the body needs some cholesterol to function correctly, too much becomes dangerous. This excess can accumulate in the arteries, causing them to narrow and harden. This process restricts blood flow and dramatically increases the risk of life-threatening heart attacks and strokes.
The British Heart Foundation (BHF) emphasises the hidden nature of this threat, stating: "There are usually no symptoms of high cholesterol. But if left untreated, it can lead to heart attack and stroke." They further warn that it is "often a hidden risk factor, which means it can happen without us knowing until it's too late."
Facial Clues to a Hidden Condition
While typically symptomless, particular signs can occasionally emerge, especially in cases of familial hypercholesterolaemia, an inherited condition. In these instances, the BHF highlights two distinctive signs that can appear on the face.
Xanthelasmas
These are small, yellow, and harmless-looking growths of cholesterol that appear on or by the corners of your eyelids, closest to your nose. The Cleveland Clinic explains that "cholesterol deposits build up under your skin to form a xanthelasma." Crucially, about half of the people who develop xanthelasmas have high cholesterol. However, they can also indicate other underlying health issues such as diabetes or thyroid problems.
Corneal Arcus
This sign presents as a pale white or grey arc visible in the eye, above and below the outer part of the cornea. Cardiologist Francisco Lopez-Jimenez of the Mayo Clinic notes, "Eventually, the arc may become a complete ring around the iris, which is the coloured portion of the eye." While this condition does not affect vision and requires no direct treatment, spotting it should prompt an immediate consultation with your GP.
Taking Action Against High Cholesterol
If you notice either of these signs or are otherwise concerned about your cholesterol levels, it is vital to speak to a doctor. To prevent high cholesterol or to reduce your levels, the NHS recommends a series of lifestyle changes.
Key recommendations include:
- Eating less saturated fat
- Maintaining a healthy, balanced diet
- Exercising regularly
- Stopping smoking
- Reducing alcohol intake
Proactive management of your health can significantly lower the risks associated with this pervasive and often undetected condition.
