Health authorities across the United Kingdom have sounded the alarm as cases of whooping cough, notoriously known as the '100-day cough', have surged dramatically, with reported infections increasing by an alarming 250% compared to last year.
Official data reveals that cases have risen from 217 in 2022 to 770 in 2023, marking one of the most significant outbreaks in recent memory. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has issued an urgent alert to healthcare providers and the public as we approach the autumn months.
What is Whooping Cough?
Whooping cough, medically known as pertussis, is a highly contagious bacterial infection affecting the lungs and breathing tubes. The illness earns its '100-day cough' nickname from the persistent, severe coughing fits that can last for weeks or even months after initial infection.
Recognising the Symptoms
Early symptoms often mimic a common cold, including:
- Runny nose and sore throat
- Mild fever and general fatigue
- Watery, red eyes
After approximately one week, more severe symptoms develop:
- Intense coughing bouts that may bring up thick mucus
- The characteristic 'whoop' sound as gasps for air between coughs
- Vomiting following severe coughing episodes
- Difficulty breathing, particularly concerning in infants
Who is Most at Risk?
While whooping cough can affect individuals of any age, health experts emphasise that babies under six months face the most serious risks, including:
- Severe breathing difficulties
- Dehydration and weight loss
- Pneumonia and seizures
- In tragic cases, permanent brain damage or death
Pregnant women and those with weakened immune systems also face increased vulnerability to complications.
The Vital Importance of Vaccination
Health officials stress that vaccination remains the most effective defence against whooping cough. The NHS routine immunisation schedule includes:
- Pregnant women between 16-32 weeks (protecting both mother and newborn)
- Babies at 8, 12, and 16 weeks old
- Pre-school boosters for children aged 3 years 4 months
Dr. Gayatri Amirthalingam, Deputy Director of Public Health Programmes at UKHSA, emphasised: "Whooping cough can be extremely serious, especially for very young babies. Vaccination remains our best protection against this dangerous disease."
Why the Sudden Increase?
Health experts attribute the recent surge to several factors:
- Reduced population immunity following pandemic restrictions
- Decreased vaccination rates in certain communities
- The cyclical nature of bacterial infections
- Increased social mixing after COVID-19 lockdowns
The UKHSA continues to monitor the situation closely and urges anyone experiencing symptoms to avoid contact with others, particularly vulnerable individuals, and seek medical advice promptly.
