Hawaii is grappling with a disturbing health threat as cases of rat lungworm disease, a rare but potentially devastating parasitic infection, surge across the islands. This alarming condition, caused by the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis, can lead to severe neurological damage, including meningitis and even permanent brain injury.
How Does Rat Lungworm Disease Spread?
The parasite typically infects rats, but it can be transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water. Slugs and snails, which often carry the larvae, are the primary culprits. Humans may accidentally ingest these tiny carriers when consuming raw or undercooked produce, unwashed fruits, or contaminated water.
Symptoms and Risks
Early symptoms of rat lungworm disease can mimic other illnesses, making diagnosis challenging. Patients may experience headaches, neck stiffness, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, the parasite migrates to the brain, causing inflammation, paralysis, or long-term cognitive impairments.
Prevention Tips
- Thoroughly wash all fruits and vegetables before consumption.
- Avoid eating raw or undercooked snails, slugs, or freshwater shrimp.
- Store food in sealed containers to prevent contamination.
- Use safe water sources for drinking and cooking.
Health officials in Hawaii are urging residents and visitors to take precautions, as the disease has no specific treatment. Early medical intervention can help manage symptoms, but prevention remains the best defence against this silent invader.
