As a severe cold snap grips the UK, bringing widespread ice and snow, a leading veterinary nurse is urging dog owners to recognise which breeds are most vulnerable to plummeting temperatures.
Leah Callaghan, Vet Nurse at Butternut Box, has identified seven categories of dogs that require special attention during winter conditions. With weather warnings active across Britain, her expert advice aims to help pet owners keep their canine companions safe, comfortable, and healthy.
Which Dogs Struggle Most in the Cold?
According to Leah Callaghan, not all dogs are equipped equally for frosty weather. "Every dog is different," she explains. "A husky might be in their element on a frosty morning, while a whippet or terrier could start shivering after a short walk."
1. Lean & Short-Haired Breeds
Slender dogs like Whippets, Greyhounds, Boxers, and Vizslas possess minimal body fat and lack a thick undercoat. This makes them lose body heat extremely quickly, often becoming the first to tremble on icy mornings. These breeds typically need a protective jacket once temperatures drop to around 10°C to prevent rapid heat loss and muscle stiffness.
2. Small & Toy Breeds
Due to their high surface-area-to-volume ratio, smaller dogs such as Chihuahuas and Yorkshire Terriers lose heat much faster than larger breeds. "They rely on us to spot when it's getting too chilly," says Leah. A well-fitted jacket is essential for them to retain core body heat, even during brief outdoor excursions.
3. Puppies
Young dogs have not yet fully developed their ability to regulate body temperature. Their energy reserves are lower, and they tire more quickly in the cold. Short, frequent walks are far preferable to long outings to prevent them from becoming too cold.
4. Elderly Dogs and Dogs with Joint Problems
Cold weather is particularly harsh on senior dogs and those with conditions like arthritis. Chilly temperatures reduce blood circulation and increase joint rigidity. "For these patients, a good-quality coat is part of their clinical management," Leah comments, highlighting that a warm jacket and a consistent routine can dramatically improve their comfort and mobility.
5. Dogs in Wet or Windy Conditions
Even thick-furred breeds can lose their natural insulation if their coat becomes soaked. For rainy or blustery walks, a waterproof coat is highly recommended to maintain their body warmth.
6. Dogs with Low Winter Energy
If your dog seems less enthusiastic about walks during colder months, they might be using extra energy simply to stay warm. Nutrition plays a critical role here. "Meals made from fresh, high-quality ingredients give them the energy and nutrients they need to stay warm and active," advises the expert.
7. Dogs Showing Signs of Cold Sensitivity
Some dogs will clearly communicate their discomfort. Be alert for these common signs:
- Shivering
- Hunched posture
- Reluctance to walk
- Lifting paws off the ground
- Seeking warmth or contact
These signals are not breed-specific; even dogs normally tolerant of cold can display them.
How to Protect Your Dog This Winter
Leah Callaghan offers several practical steps to support cold-sensitive dogs:
Opt for shorter, more frequent walks instead of prolonged exposure to the cold. Always dry your dog's fur and paws thoroughly after being outside. Apply a dog-safe paw balm to protect from ice and gritting salt. Ensure their bed is positioned away from drafts, and try to maintain a regular daily routine.
Expert's Final Word
Leah concludes with a crucial reminder for all owners: "When temperatures fall, small changes in behaviour can say a lot. Trust what your dog is showing you. If they appear tense or eager to head home, it's better to cut the walk short and keep them warm."
She affirms that dogs can enjoy winter just as much as summer with the right precautions, consistent care, and a watchful eye from their owners.
