Gardeners are being urged to check their gardens as invasive Spanish bluebells spread rapidly across the UK, threatening native English bluebells. Plant experts at GardeningExpress.co.uk warn that many homeowners may unknowingly have these invasive plants, which can quickly outcompete native species.
Spanish bluebells, originally introduced as ornamental plants, grow faster, produce more seeds, and hybridise with native varieties, diluting the UK's iconic woodland flower. Native bluebells are a protected species, but once Spanish bluebells escape gardens, they can spread into nearby countryside and woodlands.
Experts say many gardeners unintentionally help the problem grow, often because they cannot tell the difference. Spanish bluebells grow upright with flowers around the stem, while native bluebells droop to one side. Spanish varieties are often pale blue or lilac, sometimes pink or white, whereas native bluebells are deep violet-blue. Native bluebells have a strong sweet fragrance; Spanish bluebells have little scent and broader leaves.
Spanish bluebells are not on the government's invasive list in England and Wales, but are considered invasive in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. In Scotland, it is an offence to plant any non-native plant in the wild. Chris Bonnett, plant expert and founder of Gardening Express, said: “Spanish bluebells can spread more easily than our native species, so gardeners need to be aware of how quickly they can multiply. The biggest risk comes from gardens, where they may be planted for their beauty but can spread beyond boundaries.”
To control Spanish bluebells, experts advise removing entire bulbs, never composting or dumping garden waste in the countryside, and avoiding giving bulbs to others. Instead, gardeners should plant native bluebells or other UK-friendly spring flowers.
