A heat dome is a weather phenomenon that traps hot air over a region for an extended period, leading to prolonged high temperatures and often severe heatwaves. These domes form when high-pressure systems in the upper atmosphere act like a lid, preventing hot air from escaping and forcing it downward, where it warms even further.
How Does a Heat Dome Form?
Heat domes typically develop when a strong high-pressure system stalls over an area. This system compresses the air beneath it, causing temperatures to rise significantly. The trapped air continues to heat up due to sunlight, creating a self-sustaining cycle of extreme heat.
Why Are Heat Domes Becoming More Common?
Scientists suggest that climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of heat domes. Warmer global temperatures contribute to more persistent high-pressure systems, making extreme heat events more likely.
Impact on the UK
While heat domes are often associated with regions like the US and southern Europe, the UK has also experienced their effects in recent years. Prolonged heatwaves can strain infrastructure, increase health risks, and disrupt agriculture.
Understanding heat domes is crucial for preparing for future extreme weather events as global temperatures continue to rise.
