For more than three millennia, since the time of the ancient Egyptians and Greeks, a pungent root vegetable has been adding a fiery kick to food. Now, modern science reveals that horseradish is far more than a condiment; it's a potent source of health-boosting, and potentially cancer-fighting, compounds.
A Powerhouse of Protective Compounds
According to experts from the Cleveland Clinic, this common spice offers a significant array of health advantages. It can combat inflammation, fend off unwanted bacterial and fungal infections, and deliver nutrients that may help in the fight against cancer. Its renowned sinus-clearing abilities also put it on par with ginger and wasabi.
Registered dietitian Amanda Igel notes its culinary and health value, stating, "As a prepared sauce, it’s delicious on meat and roasted vegetables. And the health benefits of horseradish, such as its anticancer properties, may surprise you."
The Science Behind the Spice
The root's potency stems from specific chemicals. Horseradish contains sinigrin, a compound also found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower. Research from South Africa indicates sinigrin can disrupt inflammatory processes in the body and may even help fight atherosclerosis, the hardening of the arteries.
More crucially, horseradish is rich in isothiocyanates. These compounds exhibit anti-tumor properties, explains the Cleveland Clinic. Igel elaborates on the mechanism, saying, "Plants in the Brassicaceae family, which includes vegetables such as horseradish, cabbage, kale and cauliflower, contain a range of compounds that have the ability to disrupt cancer cells. These compounds do this by either killing the cancer cells, slowing their ability to multiply or stopping their growth altogether."
Antibacterial Action and Nutritional Value
The benefits extend beyond oncology. Igel points out that isothiocyanates have a "powerful antibacterial effect against some pretty strong bugs." Separate international studies have shown they can combat common and dangerous foodborne pathogens including E. coli, H. pylori, and Salmonella. While the effect appears to extend to fungi, Igel cautions that more research is needed in this area.
Historically valued, horseradish delivers a dose of vitamin C and essential minerals like potassium, which helps regulate blood pressure. The key, however, is moderation. Just one teaspoon of chopped horseradish is enough to reap the benefits. University of Illinois crop scientist Mosbah Kushad wryly observed, "No one is going to eat a pound of horseradish," acknowledging its intense flavour.
How to Enjoy It Safely
Horseradish is remarkably versatile. It can elevate roast beef, burgers, mashed potatoes, garlic dips, and even a classic Bloody Mary. For a new twist, try substituting fresh horseradish root where you would normally use fresh ginger.
However, those with certain digestive conditions—such as Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, or stomach ulcers—should exercise caution. Igel advises, "You can eat horseradish every day as long as it’s not causing irritation. If you get too much stinging in your mouth, nose, stomach or throat, give it a break."
From an ancient remedy to a modern-day superfood, horseradish proves that sometimes the most powerful health allies are already sitting in our kitchen cupboard.
