Health officials have issued a stark warning to households across the UK as the colder months set in, highlighting the deadly risk of an 'invisible' killer lurking in homes. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has urged the public to be acutely aware of the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning, a threat that intensifies during autumn and winter.
The Invisible Winter Threat
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas that can be fatal. The UKHSA reports that approximately 20 people die each year in England and Wales from unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning, with many more requiring hospital treatment. Alarmingly, about 68% of these deaths in England occur during the autumn and winter seasons.
This seasonal spike is attributed to a dangerous combination: people spending more time indoors with windows sealed shut while heating appliances are in frequent use. "This combination - more potentially malfunctioning fuel-burning appliances in use and less ventilation - can create the perfect conditions for CO to build up to dangerous levels," the agency explained. The risk is particularly high in smaller rooms containing sources of the gas, such as cookers or fireplaces, where it can concentrate rapidly.
Recognising the Symptoms
Because the gas itself cannot be detected by human senses, recognising the physical symptoms is a critical line of defence. The UKHSA emphasises that these symptoms may fluctuate, which is a key warning sign.
"An important warning sign is symptoms coming and going, especially if they get worse when you're in a particular room or building and improve when you leave or go outside," the advisory states. "If you notice this pattern, it could indicate a CO problem."
Symptoms to watch for include:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Weakness and confusion
- Chest and muscle pain
- Shortness of breath
Sources and Safety Steps
The deadly gas can be produced by common household appliances if they are faulty, poorly maintained, or incorrectly installed. Potential sources include gas boilers, wood-burning stoves, gas fires, and oil heaters. Using portable generators, barbecues, or camping stoves inside homes, caravans, or tents also poses a severe risk.
The UKHSA outlines several straightforward measures to protect yourself and your family:
- Install CO alarms: Fit an approved carbon monoxide alarm in every room containing a fuel-burning appliance.
- Service appliances annually: Ensure boilers, cookers, and fires are checked by a qualified professional every year.
- Use ventilation wisely: Never block air vents and ensure rooms are well-ventilated.
- Watch for warning signs: Be alert to sooty stains around appliances, yellow or orange 'floppy' flames (instead of crisp blue ones), or excessive condensation on windows.
If you suspect a gas appliance is leaking carbon monoxide, you should immediately call the free National Gas Helpline on 0800 111 999, which operates 24/7.
The UKHSA's message is clear: "Every carbon monoxide death is preventable. As we head into the colder months when risk is highest, take time this week to check your CO alarms, book appliance services if they're due, and make sure everyone in your household knows the symptoms to watch for. These simple actions could save your life or the life of someone you love."
