Social housing landlords in England will be legally required to fix damp and mould problems more quickly from October 2025, under new rules announced by the government. The measures follow the death of two-year-old Awaab Ishak, who died in 2020 after prolonged exposure to mould in his family's Rochdale flat.
Mould is a microscopic fungus that thrives in damp conditions, releasing spores into the air. Inhaling or touching these spores can cause allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and respiratory infections. The NHS in England spends an estimated £1.4bn each year treating illnesses linked to cold or damp housing, according to a 2021 report.
Condensation is the most common cause of mould in UK homes, particularly in bathrooms and kitchens where moisture levels are high. Poorly insulated properties are especially vulnerable. Simple steps such as using extractor fans, opening windows, wiping down surfaces, and checking for leaks can help prevent mould growth.
Under the new rules, social landlords must address damp and mould hazards that pose a significant risk to tenants within fixed timescales. Emergency repairs, including those unrelated to damp, must be completed within 24 hours. Landlords who fail to act can be taken to court and ordered to pay compensation.
The regulations, which extend the duty to all landlords to keep homes fit for human habitation, will be introduced in stages. Non-emergency repairs such as excess cold, structural collapse, fire, and hygiene issues will be covered from 2026, with additional hazards added in 2027.
