Health Secretary Wes Streeting has ordered a significant independent review to investigate the sharp rise in diagnoses for mental health conditions, autism, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The move comes as the government seeks to understand the drivers behind a dramatic increase in welfare spending on sickness and incapacity benefits.
Examining the Surge in Welfare Claims
The review, announced on Thursday 4 December 2025, will specifically explore whether common human emotions and experiences are being "over-pathologised" in modern society. This initiative is a direct response to concerning data showing 4.4 million working-age people are now claiming sickness or incapacity benefits.
This figure represents an increase of 1.2 million since 2019, with a particularly notable surge among young adults aged 16 to 34. Officials have pointed to mental health issues as a primary factor behind this steep rise in claims, placing substantial pressure on the welfare budget.
Leading Experts to Steer the Investigation
The government has appointed two eminent figures to lead the inquiry. Professor Peter Fonagy, a prominent clinical psychologist, will chair the review. He will be supported by Sir Simon Wessely, the former president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, who will serve as vice chairman.
Their task will be to examine evidence from three key sources:
- Academic and clinical research
- The lived experiences of patients and individuals
- Insights from practising clinicians
Mr Streeting emphasised that the investigation must use a "strictly clinical lens" to understand the reasons behind the rising number of diagnoses. The core aim is to ensure people can access accurate and timely support, while safeguarding the integrity of clinical assessments.
Balancing Support with Fiscal Responsibility
This review sits at the intersection of healthcare policy and economic management. The Health Secretary's order underscores a pressing need to balance compassionate support for genuine illness with the necessity of managing public finances responsibly.
By scrutinising diagnostic trends for conditions like ADHD, autism, anxiety, and depression, the government hopes to distinguish between an increased societal awareness of mental health and potential diagnostic inflation. The findings could have profound implications for NHS referral pathways, welfare eligibility criteria, and future public health strategy.
The outcome of this high-profile review is eagerly awaited by healthcare professionals, patient advocacy groups, and policymakers alike, who all have a stake in a sustainable and effective health and welfare system.
