Plantar fasciitis, a common cause of heel pain, affects about 2 million people annually in the US, with around 10% of people in the UK and US experiencing it at some point. The condition occurs when the plantar fascia—a thick ligament running from the heel to the toes—becomes inflamed or develops microtears, often due to overuse, sudden increases in activity, prolonged standing, weight gain, or abnormal arches.
Symptoms typically include sharp heel pain after periods of rest, such as getting out of bed, which eases with movement. While about 80% of cases resolve on their own within a year, continued overuse can lead to chronic pain and scar tissue formation.
Prevention focuses on strengthening foot muscles through exercises like toe curls and marble pickups, stretching the calves and Achilles tendon, gradually increasing activity levels, and wearing appropriate footwear. Most cases improve with rest, activity modification, and stretching, but if pain persists beyond one to two weeks, medical consultation is advised.
Treatment often includes limited rest, physical therapy, and strengthening exercises. Prolonged immobilisation should be avoided as it can lead to muscle weakness. In persistent cases, physicians may recommend further interventions.
