A new study published in The BMJ suggests that high doses of common anti-inflammatory painkillers, such as ibuprofen, may be linked to an increased risk of heart attacks, particularly within the first month of use. The research, which analysed data from 446,763 people in Canada, Finland, and the UK, focused on those prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including diclofenac, celecoxib, and naproxen.
The study found that the risk of heart attack could rise even within the first week of taking these medications, especially at high doses—for example, more than 1200mg of ibuprofen daily. However, scientists caution that the findings are not definitive, as other factors such as the underlying condition causing the pain, smoking, or obesity could also contribute to the increased risk.
Professor Kevin McConway of The Open University noted that it remains unclear whether the painkillers themselves cause the extra heart attacks or if the severe pain leading to their prescription is responsible. Current UK guidelines already advise careful use of NSAIDs in patients with heart problems, and they should be avoided in cases of very severe heart failure.
Dr Mike Knapton of the British Heart Foundation urged patients and doctors to weigh the risks and benefits of high-dose NSAIDs, particularly for those who have had a heart attack or are at higher risk. GP leader Professor Helen Stokes-Lampard emphasised that prescribing decisions should be based on individual circumstances and regularly reviewed, adding that the use of NSAIDs in general practice is declining due to known side effects.
The study highlights that higher doses than those recommended for occasional use carry the greatest risks. NHS advice recommends taking the lowest dose for the shortest possible time and seeking medical advice if frequent or high-dose use is needed. Independent researchers note that the study does not clearly define the absolute risk of heart attack, making it difficult to assess the impact of any potential increase.
