What Is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is a common eye condition that causes blurred or distorted vision due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. Unlike normal eyes, where the cornea is evenly curved like a football, astigmatism causes it to resemble a rugby ball, leading to light focusing unevenly on the retina.
Symptoms of Astigmatism
People with astigmatism often experience:
- Blurred or distorted vision at all distances
- Eye strain and discomfort
- Headaches, especially after prolonged focus
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Squinting to improve clarity
Causes and Risk Factors
Astigmatism can be present from birth or develop later in life. Factors that may increase the risk include:
- Genetics (family history of astigmatism)
- Eye injuries or surgeries
- Keratoconus (a thinning cornea disorder)
How Is Astigmatism Diagnosed?
An optometrist can diagnose astigmatism through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include:
- Visual acuity tests
- Keratometry (measuring corneal curvature)
- Refraction tests to determine lens prescription
Treatment Options
Fortunately, astigmatism is easily correctable. Common treatments include:
- Glasses or contact lenses – Specially designed to compensate for the irregular cornea.
- Laser eye surgery (LASIK) – Reshapes the cornea for improved focus.
- Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) – Special rigid contact lenses worn overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea.
When to See an Eye Specialist
If you experience persistent blurred vision, frequent headaches, or difficulty seeing at night, book an eye test. Early detection ensures better vision correction outcomes.
