What Is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is a common eye condition that causes blurred or distorted vision due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. Unlike normal eyes, which have a perfectly round cornea, those with astigmatism have a cornea shaped more like a rugby ball, leading to light not focusing evenly on the retina.
Symptoms of Astigmatism
People with astigmatism often experience:
- Blurred or distorted vision at all distances
- Eye strain and discomfort
- Headaches, especially after prolonged focus
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Squinting to see clearly
Causes and Risk Factors
Astigmatism can be present from birth or develop later in life. Some risk factors include:
- Genetics (family history of astigmatism)
- Eye injuries or surgeries
- Keratoconus (a thinning of the cornea)
How Is Astigmatism Diagnosed?
An optometrist can diagnose astigmatism through a comprehensive eye exam, which may include:
- Visual acuity tests
- Keratometry (measuring corneal curvature)
- Refraction tests to determine prescription needs
Treatment Options
Astigmatism can be corrected through:
- Eyeglasses: Specially designed lenses compensate for the irregular cornea.
- Contact lenses: Toric lenses are often used for better correction.
- Laser eye surgery: Procedures like LASIK reshape the cornea for improved focus.
Living with Astigmatism
While astigmatism is a lifelong condition, proper correction ensures clear vision. Regular eye check-ups are essential to monitor changes and adjust prescriptions as needed.
