The NHS has issued crucial guidance for expectant mothers and those trying to conceive, emphasising the importance of taking specific supplements during the early stages of pregnancy to ensure healthy foetal development.
Essential Supplements for a Healthy Pregnancy
Health officials stress that while a balanced, nutritious diet is fundamental, it is not enough on its own. The NHS explicitly recommends taking 400 micrograms of folic acid every day. This should start before you become pregnant and continue until you reach the 12-week mark of your pregnancy.
This vital supplement is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects, serious birth conditions affecting the brain and spine such as spina bifida. For women who discover they are pregnant and haven't been taking folic acid, the advice is clear: start taking it as soon as you find out.
Who Needs a Higher Dose and Other Key Vitamins
Some women are at a higher risk of their pregnancy being affected by neural tube defects and will be advised by a GP to take a larger, 5 milligram dose of folic acid. This applies if:
- You or the baby's biological father have a neural tube defect or a family history of one.
- You have had a previous pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect.
- You have diabetes.
- You take anti-epilepsy or anti-retroviral medicine for HIV.
Alongside folic acid, the NHS also advises taking a daily 10 microgram vitamin D supplement, particularly from September to March when sunlight is insufficient for the body to produce enough. Pregnant women are also cautioned to avoid supplements containing vitamin A (retinol), such as cod liver oil, as too much can harm the baby.
Accessing Free Vitamins and Support
Supplements can be purchased from pharmacies and supermarkets, or a GP may prescribe them. Many families may also be eligible for support through the Healthy Start scheme.
If you are pregnant and under 18, or if you are pregnant or have a child under four and receive certain benefits, you could get a prepaid card for milk, fruit, vegetables, and infant formula, as well as free vitamin supplements. Even if you do not qualify, some NHS trusts offer vitamins at a low cost or for free, so it is recommended to ask your midwife or GP about local options.
