Carlos Alcaraz has been using a controversial training method that involves briefly cutting off blood circulation to his limbs. The Spanish tennis star was seen wearing black occlusion bands around his legs during warm-ups at the ATP Finals in Turin, prompting speculation about a possible injury.
In fact, the bands are a deliberate part of his workout regimen. Known as blood flow restriction (BFR) bands, they limit circulation to muscles, enabling athletes to build strength with lighter loads. Alcaraz started using them on his right arm in 2023, later expanding to both arms and legs.
BFR technology originated in physical therapy for injury recovery. By reducing blood flow, it creates a low-oxygen environment in the muscles, forcing them to work harder. For example, lifting 20kg can simulate the strain of a 100kg squat. The practice has spread from medical use to elite sports.
Alcaraz uses the bands during tournaments for a technique called ischemic preconditioning, where blood flow is halted entirely for up to five minutes. When the bands are released, blood rushes back, delivering oxygen and improving flexibility while dulling pain. However, the method is not suitable for everyone, particularly those with circulatory issues.
Despite the discomfort, Alcaraz has performed well at the ATP Finals, defeating Alex de Minaur and Taylor Fritz. He faces Lorenzo Musetti next, with a win securing top spot in his group. A potential semi-final opponent could come from a group including Jannik Sinner and Alexander Zverev.
