A new report warns that millions of Britons may be suffering from 'hidden hunger' — a term describing nutrient shortfalls that quietly affect health even when people appear to eat normally. The report, 'Dietary Deficits and Future Health and Wellness Fallouts,' from the Health & Food Supplements Information Service (HSIS), highlights that while people may consume enough calories, they often miss key nutrients essential for long-term health.
Key Findings and Expert Insights
Public health nutritionist Dr. Emma Derbyshire from HSIS stated: 'The report found that 93% of adults believe their diet could be healthier, and over six in ten say the cost-of-living crisis has affected their food choices. Although 60% claim they try to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables daily, official government surveys suggest fewer than one in five actually achieve this.'
Health experts warn that nutritional gaps can impact immune health, energy levels, bone strength, heart and brain health, and cognitive function. Rising food costs are pushing many households away from nutrient-rich foods toward cheaper, more filling alternatives.
Critical Nutrient Shortfalls
Dr. Derbyshire emphasized: 'The HSIS report highlights significant shortfalls in vitamin D, folate, calcium, iron, iodine, selenium, potassium, and omega-3 fatty acids. These nutrients do not work in isolation; shortfalls can interact and compound. For example, vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption, magnesium helps activate vitamin D, and vitamin C improves iron uptake. One deficiency may trigger a wider nutritional domino effect.'
Vitamin D: A Major Concern
'Vitamin D remains one of the UK's biggest nutritional concerns, especially during autumn and winter when sunlight exposure drops. It plays a crucial role in immune defense, muscle function, and bone health,' Dr. Derbyshire said. Experts recommend combining sensible sun exposure with foods like eggs, mushrooms, and oily fish, and suggest that many adults would benefit from a daily multivitamin or vitamin D supplement.
Iron and Omega-3 Deficiencies
Iron is another major concern, particularly among women and teenagers. Around 34% of women aged 19–64 have iron intakes below recommended levels, which can lead to tiredness, poor concentration, and low mood. Pairing plant-based iron sources like lentils or spinach with vitamin C-rich foods such as kiwi, peppers, or strawberries can improve absorption.
Omega-3 fatty acids, essential for heart and brain health, are also lacking in many diets. Sardines and mackerel are rich sources, while walnuts and chia seeds provide plant-based omega-3s. For those who dislike oily fish, omega-3 or fish oil supplements can help bridge the gap.
Call for Action
'Consumers are right to be worried,' Dr. Derbyshire added. 'The government's own diet research shows that nutrient intakes haven't improved for years and continue to worsen. Any single nutrient gap is concerning, but the pattern of shortfalls is particularly worrying for future health.' She recommends a multivitamin and multimineral supplement as a nutritional safety net alongside a balanced diet, with targeted supplements like vitamin D, omega-3 fish oils, and iron for specific groups during periods of low sun exposure or increased nutritional need.
