Health experts have warned that millions of Britons may be missing out on key nutrients, despite consuming sufficient calories. A new report, Dietary Deficits and Future Health and Wellness Fallouts, from the Health and Food Supplements Information Service (HSIS), highlights that many are experiencing 'hidden hunger' — nutrient deficiencies that silently affect health.
Key Findings on Dietary Shortfalls
Public health nutritionist Dr Emma Derbyshire stated: 'The report found that 93% of adults believe their diet could be healthier, while over six in ten say the cost-of-living crisis has affected food choices. Although 60% claim to hit their five-a-day fruit and veg target, official surveys suggest fewer than one in five actually achieve it.'
Health professionals warn of wide-reaching implications, including compromised immune function, reduced energy, lower bone density, and impaired cardiovascular and brain health. Rising food prices are pushing households towards cheaper, less nutrient-dense options.
Critical Nutrient Gaps
Dr Derbyshire explained: 'The HSIS report highlights significant shortfalls in vitamin D, folate, calcium, iron, iodine, selenium, potassium, and omega-3 fatty acids. These nutrients interact; for example, vitamin D aids calcium absorption, magnesium activates vitamin D, and vitamin C improves iron uptake. One deficiency can trigger a nutritional domino effect.'
Vitamin D remains a major concern, especially in autumn and winter when sunlight is scarce. It is vital for immune defence, muscle function, and bone health. Experts recommend sensible sun exposure and foods like eggs, mushrooms, and oily fish, alongside supplements.
Iron deficiency is prevalent, particularly among women and teenagers, with 34% of women aged 19–64 having intakes below recommended levels. Low iron can cause tiredness, poor concentration, and low mood. Pairing plant-based iron sources with vitamin C-rich foods enhances absorption.
Omega-3 fatty acids, crucial for heart and brain health, are also lacking. Sardines, mackerel, walnuts, and chia seeds are good sources. For those avoiding oily fish, omega-3 supplements are advised.
Dr Derbyshire noted: 'Consumers are right to worry; government diet research shows nutrient intakes haven't improved for years and often worsen. Any single gap is concerning, but the pattern of shortfalls is particularly worrying for future health.'
To bridge nutritional gaps, a multivitamin and multimineral supplement can serve as a safety net alongside a balanced diet. Targeted supplements like vitamin D, omega-3 fish oils, and iron may benefit specific groups, especially during low sun exposure or increased nutritional need.
