A pharmacist has warned people taking a common blood pressure medication to watch for a little-known side effect. Raj Patel, known as the Straight-Talking Pharmacist on TikTok, where he has more than 100,000 followers, says the reaction is one many patients may not realise is linked to their tablets.
In a recent video, Patel said: "It surprises me how few people know a blood pressure tablet can sometimes affect their gums." He explained that amlodipine, prescribed to treat high blood pressure and angina, can sometimes cause a condition known as gingival hyperplasia.
What Is Gingival Hyperplasia?
The condition involves an overgrowth of gum tissue, which can make gums look thicker or appear to cover more of the teeth than usual. UK prescribing information lists gingival hyperplasia as a very rare side effect of amlodipine, meaning it is estimated to affect fewer than one in 10,000 people.
Patel added: "Most people know amlodipine can cause ankle swelling, headache, flushing or dizziness. Far fewer know about this one."
Gum Disease Is a More Common Cause
However, swollen gums do not automatically mean a medication is responsible, and gum disease is a much more common explanation for symptoms such as redness, soreness and bleeding. The NHS advises people with swollen or bleeding gums to arrange a dental appointment, as gum disease can worsen without treatment.
Patel continued: "Swollen or bleeding gums are much more commonly caused by gum disease or another dental problem than by amlodipine." Anyone who notices their gums becoming enlarged, particularly if the change is new or getting worse, should arrange a dental assessment and tell their dentist which medicines they take.
What Patients Should Do
The dentist can assess whether the symptoms are consistent with gum disease or another dental problem, while a pharmacist or prescriber can review whether amlodipine may be contributing.
Good oral hygiene, including brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and cleaning between the teeth, can also help reduce plaque build-up.
Crucially, patients should not stop taking their blood pressure tablets without medical advice. The NHS warns that stopping amlodipine without guidance can allow blood pressure or angina to become uncontrolled. If a medicine-related side effect is suspected, a healthcare professional can discuss the benefits and risks of treatment and whether any changes are appropriate.
