The UK Health Security Agency has issued a stark new public health alert, urging anyone experiencing six specific symptoms to avoid leaving their home until 48 hours after those symptoms have completely cleared. The warning comes amid a significant and concerning surge in norovirus cases across the country, with infection rates currently running well above seasonal averages.
Sharp Rise in Norovirus Activity
Official data reveals a dramatic increase in norovirus laboratory reports. For the two-week period from January 12th to January 25th, 2026, reported cases were a staggering 73.8% higher than the five-season average for that time of year. Furthermore, this represents an 18.3% increase compared to the preceding two-week period, indicating a rapid acceleration in the virus's spread. Health experts note that the current activity level is unusually high for this point in the winter season.
Vulnerable Groups and Predominant Strain
The latest figures show that the highest infection rates are currently being observed in two key demographic groups: children under the age of five and adults aged 65 and over. Epidemiologists are also monitoring a shift in the virus's makeup, with the GII.4 strain now identified as the most common type of norovirus circulating in the community.
The Six Key Symptoms to Watch For
In its morning update, the UKHSA clearly outlined the symptoms that should trigger the 'stay at home' guidance. The three primary and most recognisable symptoms of norovirus are:
- Vomiting
- Feeling nauseous
- Diarrhoea
In addition to these, individuals may also experience a high temperature, headaches, and aching limbs. The health authority emphasised that while diarrhoea and vomiting are unpleasant, most cases can be managed at home with rest and plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
Essential Steps to Curb the Spread
The alert provides clear, actionable advice for those who fall ill and for the general public to limit transmission. Crucially, people with symptoms must not go to work, school, or visit hospitals and care homes. They should also avoid preparing food for others.
Effective hygiene is paramount. The UKHSA stresses that washing hands thoroughly with soap and warm water is essential, as alcohol-based hand gels are ineffective against norovirus. Contaminated clothing and bedding should be washed at 60°C. Daily cleaning of frequently touched surfaces—such as toilet seats, flush handles, taps, and door handles—with bleach-based products is also strongly recommended.
Expert Insight on the Surge
Amy Douglas, Lead Epidemiologist at the UKHSA, commented on the rising trend. "We have seen a notable increase in norovirus cases in recent weeks among those aged 65 years and over, with more hospital outbreaks also being reported," she said. "While this is still within expected levels, there are simple steps that people can take to reduce the spread of norovirus and ensure levels don’t rise further."
Douglas reiterated the core public health message: "If you have diarrhoea and vomiting, don’t return to work, school or nursery until 48 hours after your symptoms have stopped and don’t prepare food for others in that time either. If you are unwell, avoid visiting people in hospitals and care homes to prevent passing on the infection to those most vulnerable."
The NHS advises that in adults and children, diarrhoea typically stops within five to seven days, while vomiting usually subsides in one or two days. The overarching guidance remains clear: to protect others, individuals should avoid going out as much as possible until they have been free from sickness and diarrhoea for at least 48 hours.
