Nearly two dozen US states have introduced changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programme (SNAP), commonly known as food stamps, to exclude sodas, candy and other unhealthy foods from purchases. The moves align with Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr's 'Make America Healthy Again' (MAHA) agenda, aiming to improve dietary habits among low-income households.
The Department of Agriculture, which oversees SNAP, is allowing states to run two-year pilot programmes where they can seek exemptions for specific foods or beverages. However, without federal guidance on definitions like 'candy' or 'soda', states are implementing their own restrictions, leading to confusion for retailers. For example, Arkansas prohibits all sodas, including diet versions, while Nevada permits diet drinks. In Idaho, candy is banned unless it contains flour.
Advocacy groups have criticised the changes, arguing they fail to address the root causes of food insecurity and may increase stigma. In a joint statement, the Des Moines Area Religious Council and Food Research & Action Center said: 'People on SNAP want more healthy foods like fresh fruits and vegetables, but the high cost of nutritious food is the number one barrier. Restrictions will only drive food prices higher, deepening systemic inequities.'
USDA officials have defended the policy, with a spokesperson stating: 'Secretary Rollins supports state agencies in their mission to promote healthy choices. USDA is committed to empowering states with greater flexibilities while ensuring taxpayer dollars support nutritious lifestyles.' Health and Human Services spokesperson Andrew Nixon added: 'The goal is to empower families with better access to nutritious foods and support a healthier future.'
At least 21 states have implemented or plan to implement restrictions. From July 1, Arkansas exempts sugary drinks, candy and chocolate; Florida from April 20 exempts sodas, energy drinks, candy and ultra-processed desserts; Hawaii from August 1 bans soft drinks with over 10g sugar per serving; and Idaho from February 15 prohibits soda and candy, though its candy definition has caused confusion.
