Dog owners taking their pets to UK beaches this summer are being warned about the dangers of salt toxicity, a condition that can arise when dogs ingest too much seawater. With record-breaking heatwaves expected in 2026, beaches are seeing a surge in visitors, both human and canine.
What Is Salt Toxicity?
Dr Anna Foreman, in-house vet at Everypaw Pet Insurance, cautioned that high salt levels in seawater can cause gastrointestinal upset or salt toxicity, which presents neurological signs if consumed in high enough amounts. According to the American College of Veterinary Pharmacists, ingestion of large amounts of salt can lead to sodium ion poisoning, with vomiting often the first sign. Other symptoms include diarrhoea, depression, lethargy, tremors, seizures, shortness of breath, and disorientation, which can appear within three hours. Toxicosis may occur with 2-3 g/kg of sodium chloride ingestion, and consumption of 4 g/kg can be fatal.
Other Beach Hazards
Eating sand poses another risk, as Dr Foreman noted that sand impaction usually requires veterinary intervention, sometimes surgery. Quicksand, often indistinguishable from normal sand, is also a hazard for both humans and dogs. Drowning remains a concern, especially with rip tides and currents. Additionally, hot sand can burn a dog's paws, similar to hot pavements.
Tips for Safe Beach Visits
Dr Foreman recommends keeping dogs on a lead or using a wide-ended muzzle for curious pets. Plan walks for early morning or late afternoon to avoid heatstroke and burned paws. Research dog-friendly beaches before visiting. Always wash dogs off when exiting the beach to prevent them from licking sand or seawater, both of which can be dangerous if ingested.
