Researchers have recovered DNA traces from Renaissance artefacts, with some genetic material potentially belonging to Leonardo da Vinci. The team analysed a red chalk drawing called 'Holy Child', possibly by da Vinci, and letters written by his ancestor, Frosino di Ser Giovanni da Vinci.
Y-chromosome DNA sequences from the artwork and a cousin's letter appear to originate from a genetic grouping common in Tuscany, where da Vinci was born. The closest match in reference databases was the E1b1/E1b1b lineage, found in southern Europe, North Africa and parts of the Near East.
However, scientists caution that conclusive proof is elusive, as no verified da Vinci DNA exists for comparison. The polymath has no known descendants, and his burial site was disturbed in the 19th century.
Most recovered DNA came from bacteria, fungi and plants, offering insights into materials and environments. A 'minimally invasive' swabbing method collected skin flakes, sweat residue and dust without damaging the artefacts.
Traces of Italian ryegrass suggested Italian origin, while citrus species on the 'Holy Child' may link to historical context. Researchers note that future work is needed to distinguish artefact-associated signals from modern contamination.
