The latest season of the hit television series The White Lotus has triggered a significant surge in public interest about the anti-anxiety medication lorazepam, according to new research from the United States.
The 'White Lotus' Effect on Drug Searches
Researchers at the University of California San Diego analysed Google search data and discovered a dramatic spike in queries about lorazepam following the release of the show's third season. While search volumes remained stable from January 2022 through early February 2025, they surged dramatically after 16 February 2025, when the new season became available.
The increased search activity persisted for the subsequent 12 weeks, with researchers estimating approximately 1.6 million additional searches relating to the medication during this period. This represents nearly twice the expected search volume.
More concerningly, searches specifically about how to obtain lorazepam increased by about 64%, equating to roughly 30,000 extra searches seeking access to the drug.
Understanding the Risks of Benzodiazepines
Lorazepam, commonly known by its brand name Ativan, belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines or 'benzos'. These medications work by enhancing the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, producing a calming effect.
Dr Olivia Maynard from the University of Bristol, who was not involved in the study, expressed serious concerns about the findings. "That this TV show is causing people to explore purchasing benzodiazepines online is particularly concerning because there is a huge amount of illicit production of benzodiazepines," she warned.
"These drugs are often dosed incorrectly and/or inconsistently and sometimes contain different drugs entirely. Recently, some illicit 'benzodiazepines' which people have bought online have been found to contain nitazenes, a dangerous synthetic opioid, which could lead to overdose or even death if taken."
Entertainment Industry's Responsibility
The research team noted that The White Lotus did not portray the significant risks associated with lorazepam use, including the dangers of suddenly stopping medication or combining it with alcohol. Abrupt discontinuation can cause panic attacks, agitation, and seizures, while mixing with alcohol can cause dangerously deep sleep with potential breathing difficulties.
The study, published in JAMA Health Forum, suggests the entertainment industry should develop best practice approaches for depicting prescription medications. The researchers proposed that health information panels could help satisfy viewer curiosity while providing crucial safety information.
However, Professor Harry Sumnall of Liverpool John Moores University offered a different perspective. "Whilst it could be useful if entertainment shows incorporated health advice where potentially harmful products are prominent, I don't think this is realistic to expect from a creative point of view," he said.
"Where access to medicines is concerned, I think the greatest impacts will be seen through enforcement action against illicit manufacturers and unregulated providers, and prescriber education."
The study highlights the powerful influence television programming can have on public health behaviours and the importance of balanced information about prescription medications.
