PFAS, or 'forever chemicals', have been detected at high levels at thousands of sites across the UK and Europe, according to a major mapping project. These substances, valued for their non-stick and detergent properties, do not break down in the environment and can build up in the body, potentially causing health issues such as kidney and testicular cancer, thyroid disease, and high cholesterol.
The map reveals about 17,000 contaminated sites, with over 640 showing high concentrations above 1,000 nanograms per litre of water. In the UK, the highest levels were found in a discharge from a chemicals plant on the River Wyre near Blackpool, where fish like flounder contained up to 11,000 ng/kg of PFAS.
Common household sources of PFAS include non-stick cookware, waterproof clothing, stain-resistant carpets, food packaging, cosmetics, and cleaning products. These items can release PFAS into dust and water, contributing to indoor exposure.
Experts warn that PFAS in groundwater poses a risk to farming and drinking water. While water companies claim they treat or dilute PFAS before supplying tap water, data shows that since 2006, about 120 samples of drinking water sources exceeded the 100 ng/l guideline, prompting action.
To reduce exposure, consumers are advised to avoid non-stick pans, choose PFAS-free clothing and carpets, and limit use of stain-resistant products. Proper ventilation and regular cleaning can also help minimise indoor PFAS levels.
