As the UK experiences a heatwave with temperatures reaching 30°C following the hottest May bank holiday on record, the Met Office and British Red Cross have jointly issued a health alert urging the public to 'know the symptoms' of heat-related conditions.
Recognising the Signs
In a statement, the organisations emphasised: 'Spot the signs! With the warmer temperatures continuing into this week, it's important to know the symptoms and what to do if you're affected by heat exhaustion or heat stroke.' Understanding the difference is crucial, as some symptoms overlap, including headaches and dizziness. Heat exhaustion may cause nausea, rapid breathing, cramps, or paleness, while heatstroke is indicated by hot, dry skin, a body temperature above 40°C, and confusion or unresponsiveness. The British Red Cross advises: 'In case of heat stroke, call 999.'
Heat Exhaustion vs Heatstroke
The NHS explains that heat exhaustion usually does not require emergency help if the person cools down within 30 minutes. However, if it progresses to heatstroke, it becomes a medical emergency. Symptoms are similar in adults and children, though children may also show irritability.
First Aid for Heat Exhaustion
If someone shows signs of heat exhaustion, follow these NHS steps:
- Move them to a cool place.
- Remove unnecessary clothing like jackets or socks.
- Give them a sports drink, rehydration drink, or cool water.
- Cool their skin by spraying or sponging with cool water and fanning them. Cold packs wrapped in cloth placed under armpits or on the neck can help.
Avoid ice baths or direct ice on skin, as these can constrict blood vessels and trap heat. Also avoid energy drinks, fizzy drinks, tea, and coffee, as caffeine can worsen dehydration.
Prevention Tips
To reduce risk during hot weather or physical exertion:
- Drink more cold fluids, especially if active.
- Wear light-coloured, loose clothing.
- Avoid sun between 11am and 3pm.
- Limit alcohol and intense exercise.
- Indoors, close curtains and windows if it is hotter outside, and turn off heat-generating appliances.
Children, older adults, and those with long-term health conditions like diabetes or heart problems are more vulnerable. For further advice, consult NHS hot weather guidance.
