The NHS has highlighted a little-known condition that can cause pain in the chest and ribs. Called costochondritis, it is inflammation where the ribs join the breastbone in the middle of the chest. It can cause sharp chest pain, especially when moving or breathing, and usually gets better on its own over time.
What the NHS says about the symptoms
According to the NHS, costochondritis may cause sharp pain in the front or side of the chest. The pain may be worse when moving the upper body, lying down, breathing deeply, or pressing the middle of the chest or the ribs. Because the discomfort occurs in the chest area, some people may mistake it for a heart attack.
The NHS page, reviewed on August 14, 2026, stresses that any unexplained chest pain that does not go away should be checked by a medical professional. Those who think they have costochondritis can get advice from NHS 111, but it remains important to have chest pain assessed to rule out more serious causes.
When to call 999
The NHS advises calling 999 if you have chest pain that started suddenly, spreads to your arm, neck or jaw, or if your chest feels tight – as this could be a heart attack. You should also call 999 if you experience chest pain with difficulty breathing, a fast heartbeat, or coughing up blood – which could be a pulmonary embolism. Sudden chest or back pain that feels like something being torn inside, along with shortness of breath and problems with walking, vision and speaking, also warrants an urgent call.
Never drive yourself to A&E. The person you speak to at 999 will give you advice about what to do.
Causes and treatment
It is not always known what causes costochondritis, but it has been linked to an injury to the chest, repetitive upper body movements like lifting, coughing a lot, and infection.
Costochondritis often improves on its own with time, but symptoms can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months. Anti-inflammatory pain relief, such as ibuprofen, may be recommended to help manage the discomfort. The NHS asks that if the pain is severe and is not easing, contact your doctor. A GP may suggest a steroid injection to reduce inflammation or a local anaesthetic to numb the area.
