UK health officials and infectious disease experts are on high alert following the alarming resurgence of the deadly Ebola virus in Central Africa. The outbreak, centred in a remote region, has triggered a swift international response to contain the highly contagious and often fatal disease before it can gain a foothold.
What is the Ebola Virus?
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a severe and frequently fatal illness in humans, with fatality rates that have historically varied from 25% to 90% in past outbreaks. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and then spreads through human-to-human transmission via direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids of infected people.
Recognising the Symptoms: A Matter of Life and Death
Early detection is critical for survival and preventing further spread. The initial symptoms can be sudden and are often mistaken for common illnesses like flu or malaria, making awareness paramount.
Early Stage Symptoms:
- Sudden onset of fever
- Intense fatigue and weakness
- Severe muscle and joint pain
- Throbbing headache
- Sore throat
Advanced Stage Symptoms:
As the disease progresses, it can cause devastating internal and external damage.
- Vomiting and diarrhoea
- Rash
- Impaired kidney and liver function
- Internal and external bleeding
The period from infection to the appearance of symptoms ranges from 2 to 21 days. A person is not contagious until they develop symptoms.
UK Preparedness and Public Health Response
While the immediate risk to the UK public is assessed as very low, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) maintains a robust surveillance system. Protocols for identifying, isolating, and treating potential cases are well-established within the NHS. The UK is also a key player in supporting the global response, offering expertise and resources to the World Health Organisation and affected countries.
This latest outbreak serves as a stark reminder of the ever-present threat of emerging infectious diseases and the critical importance of strong global health security networks to protect citizens at home and abroad.
