New research has revealed that elevated blood pressure in young adulthood significantly increases the risk of heart and kidney disease in middle age. The study, presented at the American Heart Association's EPI|Lifestyle Scientific Sessions 2026, tracked nearly 300,000 adults from age 30 to 50.
People with raised blood pressure throughout their 30s had a higher likelihood of cardiovascular disease, stroke or renal disease after turning 40. Those with a systolic measurement just 10mmHg above their peers showed a 27% greater risk of cardiovascular disease and a 22% elevated risk of renal disease after a decade.
Participants with the highest systolic readings were 3.5 times more likely to develop a cardiac condition compared with those with the lowest figures. A diastolic pressure 5mmHg above average over 10 years was linked to a 20% increased risk of cardiovascular disease and a 16% heightened risk of renal disease.
The ideal blood pressure is 120/80mmHg. The NHS defines raised blood pressure as around 140/90 in clinical settings or 135/85 when monitored at home. The study found that a reading of just 130/85 in younger years could be enough to elevate disease risk.
Dr Hokyou Lee, associate professor at Yonsei University College of Medicine in Seoul, said: 'Our study's findings show that blood pressure levels in early adulthood are important even if short-term risk appears low. Long-term exposure to higher blood pressure from early life may accumulate damage over time.'
The research has not yet been peer-reviewed. Adults over 40 in England can get free blood pressure checks at most pharmacies; those under 40 can request a test from their GP or occupational health services.
