Hawaii's most active volcano, Kīlauea, has roared back to life in a spectacular and dangerous display of nature's raw power. The eruption, which commenced on Wednesday afternoon, is characterised by immense lava fountains soaring nearly 500 feet into the sky, casting an ominous red glow over the Big Island.
The US Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) has raised the volcano alert level to 'warning' and the aviation colour code to red, signalling that a major hazardous eruption is imminent, underway, or suspected. The eruption is currently confined to the volcano's summit crater within the Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, a safe distance from residential areas.
A Looming Invisible Threat: Volcanic Gas
While the mesmerising lava flows capture attention, scientists are issuing stern warnings about a far less visible danger: volcanic gas. The eruption is producing vast quantities of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and other gases, which are forming a hazardous haze known as 'vog' (volcanic smog).
This vog is being carried by wind currents across the island, posing serious health risks. Officials are urging vulnerable populations, including individuals with respiratory conditions, the elderly, and young children, to minimise outdoor exposure and stay indoors. The gases can cause breathing difficulties, eye and skin irritation, and aggravate existing heart and lung diseases.
Unpredictable Fury: A History of Destruction
This event is a stark reminder of Kīlauea's destructive potential. The volcano's infamous 2018 eruption was one of its most devastating in recorded history, engulfing over 700 homes, displacing thousands of residents, and dramatically reshaping the island's landscape.
While the current activity is within a closed zone, scientists are monitoring the situation around the clock. The primary concerns are the potential for the eruption to intensify further, the persistent and shifting vog threat, and the possibility of new fissures opening outside the summit crater. Residents are advised to stay informed through official channels from the USGS and Hawaii County Civil Defense Agency for any evacuation orders or updates.
