England's population has surged to a historic high of 57.1 million, according to the latest estimates from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The data for mid-2023 reveals a significant demographic shift, with England growing by approximately 277,000 people while Wales saw its population decrease for the first time since the mid-1970s.
The figures paint a picture of two diverging nations. England's growth was primarily driven by net international migration, with more people moving to the country than leaving. This influx has pushed England's population to its highest level since census records began.
In stark contrast, Wales experienced a decline of around 3,300 people, bringing its total population to an estimated 3.1 million. This marks a significant reversal of trend for the principality.
A Tale of Two Demographic Stories
The ONS report highlights several key factors behind this growing divide:
- International Migration: Remains the primary engine of population growth in England.
- Ageing Population: Natural change (births minus deaths) is slowing across the UK, with deaths rising as the population ages.
- Internal Migration: Patterns within the UK also contribute to the differing regional figures.
'These latest estimates show a pivotal moment in UK demographics,' said a demography analyst. 'The contrast between England's continued growth and Wales's decline underscores the varying regional pressures on public services, housing, and infrastructure.'
The Bigger Picture for the UK
Overall, the UK's population was estimated at 67.0 million in mid-2023, an increase of 310,000 (0.5%) from mid-2022. However, this growth is the slowest since mid-2004, excluding the pandemic years, indicating a broader national trend of slowing population expansion.
The data will be crucial for policymakers, planners, and local authorities in both England and Wales as they grapple with the long-term implications of these demographic changes for healthcare, education, and economic planning.
