Pharmacist Amir Bhoga has urged people to stockpile seven medications, saying every home should have them on hand. Bhoga, Superintendent Pharmacist and Director of Pyramid Pharmacy Group, says everyone should keep over-the-counter medicines at home so they can keep common symptoms under control.
The advice comes as the Government prepares to update its advice on items every home should be stocking in case of an emergency that lasts for several days - including bottled water, tinned food you can eat cold, a torch, first aid supplies and batteries. Ministers have warned the UK could face disruption from incidents such as blackouts, extreme weather, cyberattacks, terrorism or interference by foreign states.
Painkillers and throat lozenges
Paracetamol and ibuprofen are two of the most common painkillers to keep at home because they work in slightly different ways. Paracetamol can help with headaches and fever, which is why it is often used when dealing with colds or flu. However, it is worth checking the ingredients of any cold and flu remedies first, as some already contain paracetamol. On the other hand, ibuprofen works differently by reducing inflammation, making it particularly useful for period pain and minor injuries such as sprains. As ibuprofen can irritate the stomach, it is best taken with food, while anyone with a history of stomach ulcers should check with a local pharmacist before using it.
A sore throat can sometimes appear suddenly and may be one of the first signs of a viral infection. This happens when the tissues lining the throat become inflamed, making swallowing more painful. For short-term relief, opt for medicated lozenges that numb the area, with some containing ingredients such as flurbiprofen, an NSAID that can help reduce throat pain. Although the relief may be modest, it can make eating and drinking more comfortable while symptoms settle. Fortunately, most sore throats improve on their own within a week. However, if the pain gets worse or does not improve after seven days, speak to a GP for further assessment, as lozenges can ease discomfort but do not treat the underlying cause.
Antihistamines and acid reflux relief
Allergic reactions can develop quickly after exposure to a trigger, which is why antihistamines are useful to keep at home. These reactions happen when the body releases histamine, causing symptoms such as itching, redness or swelling. Antihistamines work by blocking the effects of histamine, helping to bring these symptoms under control. For daytime use, non-drowsy options such as cetirizine or loratadine are usually preferred because they are less likely to affect alertness. However, some people may still feel sleepy after taking them, while sedating antihistamines may be more suitable if allergy symptoms are disrupting sleep. As the best option can depend on the type of allergy and any other medicines being taken, a pharmacist can advise which is most appropriate.
Heartburn is a common symptom of acid reflux and often feels like a burning sensation in the chest or throat after eating. It happens when stomach acid travels back up into the oesophagus and irritates the lining. Antacids can ease this discomfort by neutralising the acid, while some also contain alginates that help form a protective barrier. As heartburn often develops after meals, they are usually taken with or soon after food for the best effect. If you take other medicines, check the leaflet first, as antacids can affect how some treatments are absorbed and may need to be taken a few hours apart.
Loperamide, oral rehydration salts and antiseptic cream
Frequent or urgent bowel movements can be disruptive, which is why loperamide can be useful to keep at home for short-term relief. It works by slowing movement through the gut, allowing more water to be absorbed so stools become firmer. However, it only manages the symptoms and is not suitable in every situation. Anyone with blood in their stool alongside a high temperature should seek medical advice before taking it, as this may point to an infection that needs different treatment. Loperamide should also not be used for more than 48 hours without speaking to a doctor, particularly if symptoms are not improving.
Vomiting or diarrhoea can cause the body to lose water and essential salts, increasing the risk of dehydration. Oral rehydration salts can help replace these losses, with each sachet containing salt and glucose to help the body absorb water more effectively. To make sure the solution works as intended, dissolve it in the exact amount of water stated on the packet. If signs of dehydration continue despite using oral rehydration salts, consult a pharmacist who may recommend further checks, such as an electrolyte test to identify any imbalance in the body. A value known as the anion gap can then be calculated from the results, showing whether the difference between the electrical charges of the electrolytes is higher or lower than expected.
Minor cuts and grazes can happen easily at home, making antiseptic cream a useful addition to the first-aid kit. The first step is to clean the wound properly, as any dirt or bacteria left behind can increase the risk of infection. Rinse the area with clean water and gently pat it dry before applying an antiseptic cream containing chlorhexidine, which helps kill bacteria. Once treated, cover the wound with a sterile plaster and replace it if it becomes wet or dirty. If swelling worsens or pus appears, seek an urgent GP appointment, as the wound may need further assessment and treatment with antibiotics if necessary.
