The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has issued an urgent warning about a rise in stomach bug cases across England. In a recent alert on X, the agency urged Britons to recognize symptoms and adopt five simple measures to reduce infection risk. The warning focuses on two bacterial infections: Salmonella and Campylobacter, both commonly linked to food poisoning and causing gastrointestinal distress that can last longer than viral stomach bugs.
What Are Salmonella and Campylobacter?
Salmonella and Campylobacter are bacterial infections transmitted through contaminated food and water. They primarily cause diarrhoea and vomiting. Most people recover at home with rest, fluids, and painkillers if needed, but dehydration may require pharmacist treatment. Campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of food poisoning worldwide, often spread via raw or undercooked meat, unpasteurised milk, or untreated water. Cross-contamination in kitchens and contact with infected animals or their surroundings can also transmit it. Symptoms typically appear two to five days after exposure.
Salmonella is found in eggs, chicken, pork, dairy products, and produce contaminated with livestock manure or untreated water. Besides diarrhoea and vomiting, it can cause stomach cramps, nausea, and fever. Symptoms emerge 12 to 72 hours after infection and last four to seven days. Diarrhoea usually clears within five to seven days, while vomiting stops in one to two days. The UKHSA advises seeking medical help if symptoms persist or become severe.
Five Steps to Prevent Spread
To curb transmission, the UKHSA recommends:
- Frequently wash hands with soap and warm water.
- Regularly clean surfaces with a bleach-based disinfectant.
- If sick, avoid school or work until symptom-free for at least two days.
- Avoid visiting hospitals or care homes until two days after symptoms stop.
- Stay out of swimming pools for at least 48 hours after symptoms cease.
Dehydration Risks and Symptoms
Stomach bugs can lead to dehydration as fluids are lost faster than replenished. Those affected, especially parents noticing signs in children, should consult a pharmacist for rehydration solutions or anti-diarrhoeal medication. Dehydration symptoms include:
- Feeling thirsty
- Headache and light-headedness
- Dark yellow, strong-smelling urine
- Urinating less often than usual
- Dizziness or light-headedness
- Tiredness
- Dry mouth, lips, and tongue
- Sunken eyes
The UKHSA continues to monitor the situation and advises the public to stay vigilant and follow hygiene guidelines to reduce the spread of these uncomfortable illnesses.
