Dog owners in England and Wales now face unlimited fines and the potential loss of their pets under new laws aimed at protecting farm animals. The reforms, which came into effect on Wednesday, increase the maximum penalty for livestock worrying from £1,000 to an unlimited fine and grant police new powers to detain dogs suspected of attacking or worrying livestock.
Livestock worrying occurs when a dog chases, attacks, or causes distress to livestock on agricultural land. According to a survey by the National Sheep Association, 87 per cent of sheep farmers experienced a dog attack on their flock in 2024, with many reporting multiple incidents. Research from the National Farmers’ Union indicates that the cost of livestock worrying has risen by 10 per cent from the previous year, now reaching almost £2 million.
Farming minister Dame Angela Eagle said dog attacks have “devastating” consequences, adding: “Farmers can now have greater peace of mind knowing that proper penalties are in place for people who carelessly let their dogs worry livestock.” The police now have enhanced powers, including entering premises to secure evidence or animal DNA, enabling more effective investigations. Courts can also require offenders to cover the costs of seizing and caring for a detained dog.
The Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs said these changes aim to save animals’ lives and save farmers from spending around £6,000 a year on replacing livestock. The law extends protection to incidents on roads and paths and expands the definition of livestock to include camelids such as llamas and alpacas. The Dogs (Protection of Livestock) (Amendment) Act 2025 applies only to England and Wales, as Scotland and Northern Ireland already have their own legislation.
