Dementia is a devastating condition that affects both individuals and their families, prompting many to seek ways to reduce their risk. However, new research suggests that a love for full English breakfasts could be problematic. Ultra-processed foods such as bacon, sausages, and artificially sweetened beverages may increase the likelihood of developing dementia.
Study Findings on Ultra-Processed Foods
A 2022 Chinese study involving 72,083 participants found that those who consumed more ultra-processed foods had a higher risk of dementia compared to those with healthier diets. Over the study period, 518 participants developed dementia, including 287 with Alzheimer's disease and 119 with vascular dementia.
Dr Rosa Sancho, Head of Research at Alzheimer's Research UK, commented: "We don't know for sure why people who eat ultra-processed foods show an increased risk of dementia. The researchers suggest it could be because these diets involve lower levels of important nutrients like fibre, because they include too much sugar and sodium, or because they may lead to high blood pressure or inflammation, which can be bad for long-term brain health."
Reducing Risk by Cutting Processed Foods
Dr Sancho noted that other research indicated reducing ultra-processed food intake by just 10 percent could lower dementia risk by 19 percent. She emphasised that diet is not the only factor in maintaining brain health.
"We know that what is good for our heart health is also good for our brain health, so we encourage people to stay active, socially connected and involved in activities and hobbies that they enjoy," she said. "It is also important to maintain a healthy, balanced lifestyle."
Examples of Ultra-Processed Foods
According to the British Heart Foundation, ultra-processed foods contain ingredients not typically found in kitchens, such as additives, preservatives, sweeteners, and artificial colours. They often have a long shelf life and are high in saturated fats, salt, and sugar. Examples include:
- Ham and sausages
- Mass-produced bread, breakfast cereals, instant soups
- Crisps and biscuits
- Ice cream and fruit-flavoured yogurts
- Carbonated drinks and some alcoholic drinks including whisky, gin, and rum
Link to Depression
Separate research has indicated a connection between heavily processed foods and depression. A study led by Dr Raaj Mehta of Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital found that people with diets high in ultra-processed foods faced a significantly greater risk of developing depression. It also found that reducing consumption of these foods by three servings daily lowered the risk of depression over four years. Some experts suggest artificial sweeteners may impact brain chemistry.
