Tens of thousands of demonstrators gathered in central Madrid on Sunday to protest against escalating housing expenses that have rendered homeownership and renting unaffordable for many Spaniards, despite the country's recent economic growth. The rally highlighted a pressing issue for Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez's Socialist government, which faces elections in 2027.
Roots of the crisis
Spain has a deep-rooted culture of homeownership and a limited supply of public rental housing. Analysts attribute the surge in rents to heightened demand from tourism and immigration, particularly in major cities like Madrid and Barcelona. Protesters carried signs reading “We want neighbours, not tourists” and chanted slogans emphasising the right to housing.
Estrella Baudu, a 28-year-old teacher, shared her struggle, stating she lives with her grandmother. “The situation for many young people like me is quite complicated, and it is very difficult to find a rental home due to the prices and low salaries,” she said.
Political context
The march occurred a day after tens of thousands protested against Sánchez over corruption allegations and general dissatisfaction. The housing crisis has become a major political vulnerability for the government.
Buying a home has become out of reach for many, with market pressures and speculation inflating prices, especially in urban and coastal areas. Last month, the government announced a 7-billion-euro ($8.23 billion) plan to build more public housing over four years and assist young renters and buyers.
However, protester Fernando de los Santos, a 36-year-old university professor, expressed scepticism: “The government may say it is taking measures, but the reality for those of us who rent is that we are receiving notices from our landlords who want to evict us. The only thing they offer us are abusive price increases.” A decree to extend temporary rent freezes failed to pass Parliament, exposing the government to further discontent.
Growing movement
Over recent years, Spaniards have held numerous demonstrations nationwide against high rental and home costs. A key demand is stricter regulation of tourist rentals, which have multiplied in city centres. Spain welcomed a record 97 million international visitors last year, adding to housing pressure.
According to Eurostat, housing costs rose nearly 13% year-on-year at the end of 2025. The Bank of Spain estimates the country of 50 million people faces a shortage of 700,000 homes, relative to demand and new construction rates.
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Associated Press writer Suman Naishadham contributed to this report.
