The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has issued an urgent warning as cases of two bacterial stomach bugs rise across England. Salmonella and Campylobacter infections are increasing, prompting health officials to advise the public on symptoms and prevention measures.
Rising Cases of Bacterial Infections
Both Salmonella and Campylobacter are bacterial infections that cause gastrointestinal illness, often linked to food poisoning. Unlike viral stomach bugs, these infections can lead to prolonged illness. The UKHSA took to X (formerly Twitter) with an alert, urging Brits to recognize symptoms and adopt five simple steps to reduce infection risk.
Key Symptoms
The primary symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. Most people can recover at home with rest, fluids, and painkillers if needed. However, dehydration may occur, requiring pharmacist intervention.
Five Steps to Prevent Spread
The UKHSA recommends the following measures to curb transmission:
- Frequent handwashing with soap and warm water.
- Regularly clean surfaces with a bleach-based disinfectant.
- Stay home from school or work until symptom-free for at least two days.
- Avoid visiting hospitals or care homes until two days after symptoms stop.
- Avoid swimming pools for at least 48 hours after symptoms cease.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of food poisoning globally. It spreads through raw or undercooked meat, unpasteurised milk, or untreated water. Cross-contamination in kitchens and contact with infected animals or environments also pose risks. Symptoms typically appear two to five days after exposure.
Salmonella
Salmonella is found in eggs, chicken, pork, dairy products, and produce contaminated with livestock manure or untreated water. In addition to diarrhoea and vomiting, it can cause stomach cramps, nausea, and fever. Symptoms develop 12 to 72 hours after infection and usually last four to seven days.
When to Seek Medical Help
The UKHSA notes diarrhoea typically resolves within five to seven days, and vomiting within one to two days. Seek medical help if symptoms persist longer or are severe. Dehydration is a risk, especially in children. Signs include thirst, headache, light-headedness, dark urine, infrequent urination, dizziness, tiredness, dry mouth, lips, and tongue. Pharmacists can recommend rehydration solutions or anti-diarrhoeal medication.
