Weight-loss drugs such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, known by brand names Ozempic and Mounjaro, are gaining popularity for their effectiveness in shedding pounds. However, experts warn they are not a quick fix and require careful consideration, especially regarding long-term use.
Sarah Le Brocq, who has lived with obesity for most of her adult life, lost nearly eight stone after taking weight-loss drugs for over two years. She described the experience as giving her a new freedom, as the drugs suppressed her appetite and reduced her constant thoughts about food. Yet, she had previously tried numerous diets only to regain weight.
These medications work by mimicking hormones that signal fullness, leading to weight loss of 14–20% over 72 weeks for most users. However, about 10–15% of people are 'non-responders' who lose very little weight. Professor David Cummings of the University of Washington calls them 'the closest thing to miracle drugs' but stresses that patients may need to stay on them long-term.
Common side effects include nausea and other gastrointestinal issues, and when people stop taking the drugs, weight tends to rebound quickly. One study found weight regain up to four times faster than after behavioural programmes, with other health concerns like high blood pressure returning. Professor Naveed Sattar of the University of Glasgow likens GLP-1s to a 'chemical shield' against an obesogenic environment, but notes that changes in diet and exercise remain crucial.
Despite the benefits, many patients discontinue treatment after about 39 weeks due to cost, insurance coverage, or a desire to avoid prolonged medication. Experts urge anyone considering these drugs to plan for potential long-term use and combine them with behavioural changes to maintain weight loss.
