Vaping damages young people's lungs as much as smoking, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society's conference in Vienna. The study challenges the notion that e-cigarettes are a healthier alternative to traditional cigarettes.
Researchers at Manchester Metropolitan University compared 60 people in their 20s: 20 non-smokers, 20 vapers (vaped for at least two years), and 20 smokers (smoked for at least two years). Participants underwent a strenuous exercise test on a static bike to measure lung capacity and fitness levels.
The vapers had an average peak exercise capacity of 186 watts, similar to the smokers' 182 watts, but significantly lower than the non-smokers' 226 watts. Vapers and smokers also had reduced oxygen intake (2.7 and 2.6 litres per minute, respectively) compared to non-smokers (3 litres). Both groups showed signs of impaired blood vessel function, higher lactate levels, and increased breathlessness and leg fatigue.
Dr Azmy Faisal, lead author, said: "The study adds to growing evidence that long-term use of vaping is harmful and challenges the idea that vaping could be a healthier alternative to smoking."
The proportion of British adults vaping has risen from 4.2% in 2014 to 11%, while among 11-17-year-olds it has surged from 1.3% to 7.6%. Previous research has linked vaping to increased cancer risk and potential damage to the brain and organs due to toxic metals like lead and uranium in e-cigarette aerosols.
Dr Filippos Filippidis, chair of the ERS tobacco control committee, said: "Vapes are being sold cheaply and in a variety of flavours to appeal to young people... Doctors and policymakers need to know about the risks of vaping." The UK government has pledged to tackle irresponsible marketing of vapes to children through its tobacco and vapes bill.
