Following the hottest May Day on record, heatwaves continue across the UK with temperatures exceeding 30°C in several areas. The extreme heat has prompted yellow and amber warnings from the UK Health and Security Agency, leading some employees to question whether they are legally permitted to work in such conditions.
There is no legal maximum temperature for workplaces in the UK, nor a minimum. Government guidance states that no set maximum exists because many workplaces, such as bakeries or foundries, are hot due to the nature of the work rather than seasonal weather. However, employers must adhere to health and safety rules, including maintaining a comfortable temperature and providing fresh, clean air. The official guidance advises employees to speak to their employer if the workplace temperature is uncomfortable.
For construction sites, additional regulations apply. The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations require reasonable temperatures in indoor areas, while outdoor work must include adequate protection from harsh weather. Rest facilities must also be kept at an appropriate temperature. Under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, employers must assess risks and implement measures to safeguard workers. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) states: 'All workers are entitled to an environment where risks to their health and safety are properly controlled. Heat is classed as a hazard and comes with legal obligations like any other hazard.'
Workers in extreme temperatures may face heat stress, where the body's temperature regulation fails, influenced by air temperature, humidity, work rate, and clothing. This is a year-round concern in some workplaces like manufacturing plants, boiler rooms, laundries, and compressed-air tunnels. Dehydration is also a serious risk; the HSE recommends drinking cool water frequently in small amounts, noting that thirst alone is not a reliable indicator. For high-intensity work in heat stress conditions, workers should drink around 250 ml (half a pint) every 15 minutes.
