Cambodia's new conscription law, which imposes penalties of up to five years in prison for evading military service, has come into effect, Prime Minister Hun Manet announced on Monday.
Background and Enactment
The law was signed on Saturday by Senate president Hun Sen, acting as head of state while King Norodom Sihamoni undergoes medical treatment for prostate cancer in China. It replaces a 2006 statute that was never implemented and deemed outdated.
Triggered by Border Conflict
The initiative for a new conscription law followed significant border fighting with Thailand that flared twice last year, resulting in approximately 100 deaths and the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people.
Key Provisions
The new law consists of eight chapters and 20 articles. It requires Cambodian men aged 18 to 25 to serve two years in the military, while women may serve voluntarily. Individuals summoned for service must appear within 30 days of receiving notice or be considered as evading duty, unless a valid excuse is provided.
Penalties for Evasion
Penalties vary depending on whether Cambodia is at peace or at war:
- During peacetime: six months to two years in prison and a fine of $250 to $1,000.
- During war or foreign attack: two to five years in prison and a fine of $1,000 to $2,500.
Exemptions and Reserve Service
Exemptions are granted to monks, priests, persons with disabilities, and those with specialized skills in science and technology. After completing their required service, individuals become part of reserve forces until age 45.
Government Justification
Hun Manet, addressing lawmakers earlier this month, described the law as a foundation for cultivating patriotism and a willingness to serve in the military to protect the country.
