Keir Starmer could become the first sitting Labour Prime Minister to face a leadership challenge, following a disastrous set of election results and a poorly received reset speech on Monday. While no formal challenge has been made, the resignation of Health Secretary Wes Streeting has intensified pressure, with over 80 MPs publicly calling on Starmer to step down.
How is a leadership contest triggered?
To force a leadership election, 20% of Labour MPs must back a replacement candidate. With 403 MPs, this threshold is 81 MPs. Once triggered, other candidates can join if they also secure 81 backers. The incumbent PM automatically appears on the ballot if they choose to run, which Starmer is expected to do. Starmer would continue as PM during the contest, making history as the first Labour PM to face a leadership challenge.
Who can stand?
Only sitting Labour MPs are eligible. This means figures like Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham would need to secure a parliamentary seat to run.
How long does a contest last?
Once a candidate has 81 backers, the National Executive Council (NEC) arranges a full vote. In 2020, candidates had time to secure nominations before a six-week ballot. The Labour general secretary, Hollie Ridley, acts as returning officer and appoints an independent scrutineer. The timetable is flexible.
Who can vote?
Candidates must impress party members and affiliated trade union supporters (e.g., Unite, Unison, GMB). The party uses a one-person-one-vote system, preventing double voting for membership and union affiliation. New members must have six months of membership before the contest begins to qualify.
How is a winner decided?
Voting uses a preferential ballot. If a candidate secures over 50% of first-preference votes, they win. Otherwise, the last-place candidate is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed to second choices. This continues until one candidate exceeds 50%.
