Rosemary, the aromatic herb native to the Mediterranean, is gaining recognition for its health benefits, particularly for brain health. Research suggests it may help improve memory, reduce anxiety, and even protect against Alzheimer’s disease.
Historically linked to mental clarity, rosemary was used by ancient Greek and Roman scholars to sharpen concentration. Modern studies support this: people who inhaled rosemary’s scent performed better on memory tasks. The herb stimulates blood circulation to the brain, delivering more oxygen and nutrients, and its aroma can reduce anxiety and improve sleep.
Rosemary contains compounds like 1,8-cineole, which prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential for learning and memory. It is also rich in antioxidants, such as carnosic acid, which protects brain cells from oxidative stress and inflammation linked to Alzheimer’s.
In 2025, researchers developed a stable version of carnosic acid called diAcCA. Pre-clinical studies in mice showed it improved memory, increased synapses, and reduced harmful proteins like amyloid-beta and tau. The compound only activates in inflamed brain regions, potentially minimising side effects. Researchers hope human trials will follow.
Beyond the brain, rosemary has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It has been used traditionally to ease digestion and reduce bloating. Rosemary oil may soothe acne and eczema, and carnosic acid offers anti-ageing benefits by protecting skin from sun damage.
While rosemary is safe in food, teas, or aromatherapy, concentrated doses can cause side effects. Large amounts may lead to vomiting or seizures in people with epilepsy. Pregnant women should avoid high doses, and those on blood thinners should consult a doctor before taking supplements.
