The Supreme Court has allowed construction of the $400 million White House ballroom to continue, a decision Donald Trump welcomed as proof of a 'golden age of America.' The unsigned order, announced late Monday evening, replaces a temporary order issued earlier this month and defeats a lawsuit brought by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
5-4 decision and dissent
The 5-4 decision means the Trust's challenge to the project, which involves demolishing the East Wing of the White House, was rejected. However, judges believe the ballroom is unlawful as it does not have Congressional approval, but allowed construction to continue because they did not believe the Trust had the authority to halt proceedings.
The temporary order was signed by Chief Justice John Roberts, who publicly disagreed with the latest decision. Writing a strong dissent, he said the project is likely unlawful because it hasn't been approved by Congress. “Today’s decision is no victory for the separation of powers,” Roberts wrote. The court’s three liberal-leaning justices agreed.
Arguments for and against
The majority found the National Trust for Historic Preservation likely did not have the legal right to challenge the project. The unsigned order pointed to government arguments that the ballroom would address national security concerns by shielding a planned underground military installation and offering a more secure structure for large events than the tents currently used.
By contrast, “the only harm the Trust claims is the offense one of its members will suffer from having to view a structure of the ‘scale,’ ‘height,’ and ‘massing’ the government intends,” it states.
Trump's response
Trump applauded the decision, writing in a social media post, “I am pleased to report that the United States Supreme Court has just ruled in favor of the Ballroom/Military Complex being built without any further contingency, doubt, or threat.” He added: "We are living in the Golden Age of America, and this Building will be one of the Greatest ever constructed in Washington, D.C. When completed in the Summer of 2028, the magnificent Ballroom and Military Complex will be something that the entire Country is very proud of. The Project, despite the baseless lawsuit brought by the so-called National Trust for Historic Preservation of the United States, which is not in any way affiliated with the United States Government, is under budget and ahead of schedule."
Next steps and legal context
The majority’s order did not directly decide the legality of the project, and the suit will return to lower courts. Documents filed in the case say that key portions of the project could be complete within months. The trust’s president and CEO, Brent Leggs, said the group was disappointed with the decision but pleased with Roberts’ dissent. “This is not the final decision on the merits of our case and does not resolve our fundamental argument — that each President is a temporary steward of the People’s House and does not have the unilateral authority to demolish and redesign it without the approval of Congress,” he said in a statement.
The Trump administration asked the justices to intervene after federal courts found the project must halt because it didn’t have congressional approval. The lawsuit from the trust argued that Trump has no unilateral authority to undertake the work, which has included demolishing the East Wing. The group’s lawyers accused the White House of trying to “outrun the courts” by accelerating construction.
In lower courts, the administration has argued that the president has total authority to renovate the White House and other federal buildings. The trust and the four dissenters, however, note that federal law prohibits the construction of any structure on federal parks or public grounds in D.C. “without express authority of Congress.” The trust and its members, meanwhile, are “deeply committed to the preservation of historic American buildings,” bolstering their legal right to sue, Roberts wrote.
The administration has said crews are working 20 hours a day on the planned 90,000-square-foot (8,400-square-meter) ballroom. The framework is expected to be completed in November and much of the facade done by April, with full completion slated for August 2028, according to court documents. US District Judge Richard Leon ordered a stop to aboveground construction of the planned ballroom in April, though the order would allow work on bunkers and military installations below ground to continue. Leon was nominated by President George W. Bush, a Republican.
The ruling was suspended but later upheld by a divided appeals court panel. Two judges appointed by Democratic presidents found the project was for Congress to decide and “not a matter for Executive self-help.” A third judge, appointed by Trump, found that the preservationist group that challenged the project had no legal right to sue. Solicitor General D. John Sauer also made that argument to the justices and said the decision halting the work was “extraordinary and unlawful.” He said the completion of the project was “vitally required by national security.” National security was not an initial focus when Trump announced the work he said would be funded by private donations.
